{"id":1798,"date":"2018-04-28T21:55:34","date_gmt":"2018-04-28T21:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldsite.coloredconventions.org\/mobilitymigration1855\/?page_id=1798"},"modified":"2025-04-13T14:32:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-13T18:32:27","slug":"charles-bennett-ray","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oldsite.coloredconventions.org\/black-mobility\/delegates\/charles-bennett-ray\/","title":{"rendered":"Charles Bennett Ray"},"content":{"rendered":"

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THE FIGHT FOR BLACK MOBILITY: TRAVELING TO MID-CENTURY CONVENTIONS<\/h3>\n

CHARLES BENNETT RAY<\/h1>\n

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\"Black<\/a>

Portrait of Rev. Charles B. Ray of New York City. Ray was an active conductor on the Underground Railroad, editor of\u00a0The Colored American<\/em>, and a prominent minister and business owner. Image courtesy of northcountryundergroundrailroad.com<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

Charles Bennett Ray (1807-1886), born free in Falmouth, Massachusetts, was a well-known anti-slavery activist, newspaper journalist, editor, and ordained minister. In 1834, Ray married Henrietta Green Regulus, but she died two years later. Ray remarried Charlotte Augusta Burroughs in 1840. The Rays raised seven children.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray. Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, 8.[\/note] Several of the Ray daughters became notable professionals in law and education. After graduating from Howard University School of Law, Charlotte E. Ray became the first African American woman lawyer in the United States.[note]\u201cMiss Charlotte E. Ray,\u201d Weekly Louisianan<\/em>, May 25, 1872.[\/note] Henrietta Cordelia and Florence Ray were New York City public school teachers, biographers, and poets. H. Cordelia and Florence co-penned a biography of their father\u2019s life, Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray, <\/em>in 1887, a year after Ray\u2019s death.<\/p>\n

Charles B. Ray became affiliated with the abolition movement and pursued business ventures through various mediums including educational attainment, newspaper editing, and entrepreneurship. Ray spent his earliest years balancing formal studies in academies located in the reportedly picturesque Falmouth village, with working on his grandfather\u2019s farm in Westerly, Rhode Island.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray. Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, 8.[\/note] Ray later studied at Wesleyan Seminary at Wilbraham, Massachusetts where he received a theological education.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray.\u00a0Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, 8.[\/note] Ray entered Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut in 1832 as the institution\u2019s first African American pupil. However, Ray soon withdrew from Wesleyan U. due to white student protests and racial prejudice in 1833.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray.\u00a0Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, 8.[\/note] Ray resettled in New York City where he opened the Boot and Shoemaker Shop at No. 527 Pearl Street. The shop was adjacent to the popular Pearl Street residential and business district. Ray\u2019s business expanded and formed a partnership with Samuel Cornish, boot maker, abolitionist, and editor of\u00a0Freedom\u2019s Journal<\/em>, the nation\u2019s first African American newspaper. Ray\u2019s ties with Cornish created other connections with prominent Black leaders in the city. Before becoming a proprietor of\u00a0The Colored American<\/em>\u00a0(1836-1842) in 1838 and editor in 1839, he worked as an itinerant journalist and subscriptions agent for the periodical, \u201ca paper of acknowledged ability.\u201d[note]\u201cDeath of Charles B. Ray,\u201d\u00a0New York Freeman<\/em>, Aug. 21, 1886.[\/note] Although short-lived, the\u00a0The Colored American<\/em>\u00a0was considered to be a predecessor of the\u00a0Anglo-African\u00a0<\/em>and won Ray the reputation as \u201ca pioneer of colored literature in New York\u201d by the editorial staff for the California paper,\u00a0The Elevator.<\/em>[note]\u201cOur Papers,\u201d\u00a0The Elevator<\/em>, December 12, 1874.[\/note]<\/p>\n

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In 1837, a debate over the Anti-Slavery Society\u2019s view on non-resistance caused a political divide between Black New York leaders in attendance. Charles Ray was deeply involved in the debate as he advocated the continuation of non-resistance. This debate sparked a divide that would persist among the Black leaders of New York and continue to split views regarding other significant issues for over ten years. In 1849 at a meeting at Shiloh Presbyterian Church, Ray gave a speech opposing colonization in response to the ACS and Henry Highland Garnet\u2019s support for emigration. Ray was also against female participation in political meetings and Colored Conventions. He was known as an enthusiastic campaigner for Black suffrage and education, and he fervently believed in the power of Black unity to overcome white oppression.<\/p>\n

Between 1840 and the late 1880s, Charles B. Ray remained engaged in church leadership, missionary work and political activism. Strongly devoted to his theological roots while in New York, Ray worshipped with the Crosby Street Congregational Church and later pastored at Bethesda Congregational Church from 1845 to 1868. Bethesda Congregational Church occupied many edifices in New York City, including a site on Sullivan Street and another on Sixth Avenue.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray.\u00a0Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, 18.[\/note] In the 1840s and 50s, Ray was actively involved in and founded many organizations, including the Society for the Promotion of Education Among Colored Children, New York State Vigilance Committee, American Missionary Association, the African Society for Mutual Relief, the Manhattan Congregational Association, and the Congregational Clerical Union.[note]Ray, Cordelia H. and Florence Ray. Sketch of the Life of Rev. Charles B. Ray<\/em>. New York: Press of J. J. Little, 1887, pp. 19, 13, 30.[\/note] Ray represented New York at many national colored men\u2019s conventions and was a firm supporter of the Liberty Party. An avid supporter of fugitive slaves and their well-being, Ray worked as an agent on the Underground Railroad and held executive positions in fugitive slave conventions such as the 1850 Cazezevia Convention.[note]\u201cCazezevia Convention,\u201d The North Star<\/em>, September 5, 1850.[\/note] Ray\u2019s interracial company of contemporaries included Joshua Leavitt, Oliver Johnson, Sidney Howard Gay, Arthur and Lewis Tappan, Theodore S. Wright, Rev. Henry Highland Garnet, Samuel E. Cornish, Charles L. Reason, and Frederick Douglass.[note]\u201cDeath of Charles B. Ray,\u201d New York Freeman<\/em>, Aug. 21, 1886.[\/note] In 1886 Charles B. Ray died in New York City and is buried in Cypress Hills Cemetery at 833 Jamaica Ave. in Brooklyn, New York.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.0.106″ custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px” inner_width=”auto” inner_max_width=”1080px” prev_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row custom_padding=”||0px|” custom_margin=”||0px|” _builder_version=”3.0.106″ width=”80%” max_width=”1080px”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_padding=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Credits Header” _builder_version=”3.21.1″ custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px” text_orientation=”left”]<\/p>\n

Credits<\/h3>\n

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Written by Sarah Patterson, Black Literary History taught by P. Gabrielle Foreman, Spring 2013.<\/p>\n

With contributions from Elizabeth Sobel, Black Literary History taught by P. Gabrielle Foreman, Spring 2013.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”References Header” _builder_version=”3.21.1″ custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px” text_orientation=”left”]<\/p>\n

References<\/h3>\n

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THE FIGHT FOR BLACK MOBILITY: TRAVELING TO MID-CENTURY CONVENTIONS CHARLES BENNETT RAY Charles Bennett Ray (1807-1886), born free in Falmouth, Massachusetts, was a well-known anti-slavery activist, newspaper journalist, editor, and ordained minister. In 1834, Ray married Henrietta Green Regulus, but she died two years later. Ray remarried Charlotte Augusta Burroughs in 1840. 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In 1834, Ray married Henrietta Green Regulus, but she died two years later. Ray remarried Charlotte Augusta Burroughs in 1840. 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