{"id":1783,"date":"2018-04-18T16:55:18","date_gmt":"2018-04-18T16:55:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldsite.coloredconventions.org\/conventions\/?page_id=1783"},"modified":"2021-02-24T19:28:21","modified_gmt":"2021-02-25T00:28:21","slug":"introduction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oldsite.coloredconventions.org\/black-political-practices\/introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"

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THE \u201cCONVENTIONS\u201d OF CONVENTIONS: POLITICAL RITUALS AND TRADITIONS<\/h3>\n

INTRODUCTION<\/h1>\n

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\"image<\/a>

A word cloud created using the text of Erica Ball’s forthcoming article, “Performing Politics, Creating Community: Antebellum Black Conventions as Political Rituals.”<\/p><\/div>\n

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This exhibit examines convention rituals across decades, both before and after the Civil War, in order to establish how aspects changed over time and how political rituals became an established tradition. This exhibit shows how the Colored Conventions are a performance of political citizenship. At a time when Blacks were so often denied political inclusion, much less leadership, these acts of embodied rhetoric, oratory, and debate are practices of rhetorical art and political resistance. Black women were always active participants in political ritual and performed a wide variety of roles at the conventions even though their roles have been largely ignored in the past. This exhibit also seeks to emphasize women\u2019s roles in the conventions so they can regain their necessary place as engaged political activists in their own right.<\/p>\n

Specialists in African American history have long recognized the state and national Colored Convention proceedings of the antebellum era to be documents of extraordinary political importance. As early as 1969, in the introduction to his collection of\u00a0The Minutes of the Proceedings of the National Negro Conventions, 1830-1864<\/em>, historian Howard Holman Bell declared that antebellum black conventions must be understood as \u201cthe first \u2018national association for the advancement of colored people.\u2019\u201d[1] Roughly one decade later, in the introduction to their collection of the Proceedings of the Black State Conventions, 1840-1865<\/em>, Philip S. Foner and George E. Walker wrote that \u201cfor keen analyses of the issues outlined and for breadth of research and argument,\u201d the proceedings offer examples of the most \u201coutstanding political documents of the period.\u201d[2] And in recent decades, scholars have irrefutably demonstrated that the antebellum state and national Black conventions were essential for the development of African American political consciousness.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Although the tradition of Colored Conventions has largely been ignored in scholarship on the nineteenth century, much of the scholarship that acknowledges the conventions reads the minutes solely for their insight into the recurring themes and shifting political stances that defined Black protest thought in the period. Often, this scholarship traces, for example, debates over whether to prioritize emigration outside the United States or to remain in the US, or to pursue interracial coalitions or promote racial separatism, for example. More recently, scholars have turned to antebellum state and national convention proceedings to gain insight into the factors shaping the emergence of a free Black leadership class, the expansion of African American print culture, and the growth of Black women\u2019s public activism.[3]<\/p>\n

References<\/h3>\n

[1] Howard Holman Bell, ed.,\u00a0Minutes of the Proceedings of the National Negro Conventions 1830-1864<\/em>\u00a0(NY: Arno Press, 1969), i.<\/p>\n

[2] Philip S. Foner and George E. Walker, eds.\u00a0Proceedings of the Black State Conventions, 1840-1865.\u00a0<\/em>2 vols. (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1979-80), xvi<\/p>\n

[3] For analysis of the ways these debates played out in conventions see: Bella Gross.\u00a0\u00a0Clarion Call: The History and Development of the Negro People\u2019s Convention Movement in the United States from 1817-1840\u00a0<\/em>(NY: 1947); Howard Holman Bell,\u00a0Survey of the National Negro Convention Movement\u00a0<\/em>(NY: Arno Press, 1969); Julie Winch,\u00a0Philadelphia\u2019s Black Elite: Activism, Accommodation and the Struggle for Equality,\u00a0<\/em>1787-1848 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988); C. Peter Ripley, ed.\u00a0The Black Abolitionist Papers, volume III\u00a0<\/em>(Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1991), introduction; Stanley Harrold,\u00a0The Rise of Aggressive Abolitionism: Addresses to the Slaves\u00a0<\/em>(Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004); Patrick Rael,\u00a0Black Identity and Black Protest<\/em>; and Leslie Harris,\u00a0In the Shadow of Slavery<\/em>, chapters six and seven; John Ernest,\u00a0Liberation Historiography: African American Writers and the Challenge of History<\/em>, (UNC 2004); Harry Reed,\u00a0Platform for Change.\u00a0 The Foundations of the Northern Free Black Community, 1775-1865<\/em>\u00a0 (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1994).<\/p>\n

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THE \u201cCONVENTIONS\u201d OF CONVENTIONS: POLITICAL RITUALS AND TRADITIONS INTRODUCTION This exhibit examines convention rituals across decades, both before and after the Civil War, in order to establish how aspects changed over time and how political rituals became an established tradition. This exhibit shows how the Colored Conventions are a performance of political citizenship. 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This exhibit shows how the Colored Conventions are a performance of political citizenship. 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The \u201cConventions\u201d of the Conventions: The Practices of Black Political Citizenship","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/oldsite.coloredconventions.org\/black-political-practices\/introduction\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Introduction - The \u201cConventions\u201d of the Conventions: The Practices of Black Political Citizenship","og_description":"THE \u201cCONVENTIONS\u201d OF CONVENTIONS: POLITICAL RITUALS AND TRADITIONS INTRODUCTION This exhibit examines convention rituals across decades, both before and after the Civil War, in order to establish how aspects changed over time and how political rituals became an established tradition. 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